With the growing scale of the mariculture industry, the problem of storage overcapacity in aquaculture has caused serious damage to the aquatic environment and the aggravated the dangers of disease, which have hurt the sustainable development of this industry in the long term. So it is urgent to strengthen the research on carrying capacity and to set up the scientific and adaptive management strategies. This paper reviews the progress of research and existing problems relating to the mariculture industry’s carrying capacity for cage, shellfish, macroalgae, etc; it also points out the key technologies behind capacity evaluation, including the index system of ecological capacity assessment, the numerical model of individual growth of cultured organisms, the coupling of hydrodynamic processes and ecological models; Furthermore, this article analyzes the role of carrying capacity in determining the current population density of maricultural farms and optimizing the layout of the mariculture operations, expanding the maricultural farming space and building a new mode of maricultural farming. And then, this paper advanced three suggestions for developing a capacity evaluation system in aquaculture waters, including establishing the long-term monitoring experimental station of the offshore aquaculture structure, culture capacity assessment, setting up research initiatives for aquaculture capacity research, and identifying the layout and structural adjustment for establishing a ecosystem management strategy.