Although the current drug service system can meet the fundamental needs of healthcare in China, outstanding issues exist in all service sectors, including research and development, manufacturing, marketing, and clinical use. Through a literature search, data queries, specialist consultation, and a panel discussion, this study investigated the current status of the drug service system and identified the main problems. We propose an idea for constructing a new national drug service system to provide drugs to the Chinese people that are of high quality, have a reliable therapeutic effect, come at a reasonable price, and exhibit good medical compliance, thus ensuring the efficacy, safety, availability, and reasonability of drugs for clinical use, as well as promoting a structural transformation of the pharmaceutical industry that will enable China to finally transition from a big country into a great power in the global pharmaceutical industry.