This paper analyzes the current situation and problems of investment and financing in China Railway's "Go Global" project, and summarizes the investment and financing mode of Japanese overseas railway projects. By analyzing the investment and financing modes of different types of China Railway's "Go Global" projects and markets, this paper points out that the government should provide policy and financial support to the construction of railway projects in underdeveloped countries with geopolitical characteristics, the “Belt and Road” or connectivity background, as well as those that further strategic objectives relating to national security. This paper also offers suggestions to reduce financing costs through financial or policy support by the government and proposes some policy suggestions, such as strengthening cooperation among enterprises, establishing a railway international cooperation strategy committee, and identifying the national strategic project in advance.