Since 2000, the global mining industry has fluctuated cyclically with the world economy, and China has become the main driver of the development of global mining. The overall investment in global mineral exploration and development was insufficient, and new discoveries declined. The consumption of mineral products in the world generally increased, and the demand for new energy and new materials such as lithium and cobalt surged. Mining companies have shifted from large-scale expansion to asset restructuring, and invested more cautiously. The mineral resources strategy has been paid widespread attention, and mining regulations and policies generally tightened. Looking into the future, the world’s mineral consumption will continue to rise. South Asia will become a hot spot for mining investment. The energy revolution and artificial intelligence will promote the leap of the global mining industry, and the conflicts of interest in mining will escalate further.