This study aims to propose policy recommendations for improving the quality of medical education and clinical training in China. Using several strategic research methods such as data and evidence analysis, we learned the experiences and lessons for a homogenization of medical education and clinical training as well as a balanced mechanism between medical professionals’ supply and medical demands. Results and conclusions are presented as follows. First, it is important to enhance the strategic position of medical education and personnel training and to establish a coordination mechanism at the national level. Second, we recommend a dynamic planning for the enrollment of China’s medical schools based on the systematic analysis of medical demand, and promoting medical curriculum system reform. We suggest gradually arriving at a tradition of elite education and a homogenization of clinical training. Third, we argue progressively abolishing the entrance examinations and dissertations for achieving the master and doctoral degree in clinical sector. The best way is to combine personnel training with master and/or doctoral degree granting, and promote the role transition for clinicians from “institutional staff” to “medical professionals”. Fourth, we recommend accelerating a pilot reform of personnel compensation system and performance evaluation system for clinicians to reshape the attractiveness of medical career. In addition, it is imperative to build a public health-oriented clinical training system based on the concept of “health for all”. Furthermore, it is also very important to reform traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) higher education in China and explore a new clinical training model for TCM residents. Last but not least, we recommend establishing a National Health Research Foundation to improve the innovation capability of clinical research in China.