This study constructed a global multi-scale nested model and a corresponding environmental satellite account, based on the multi-regional input-output analysis method; and estimated the virtual water volume for China’s trade in commodity and service with typical countries along the Belt and Road. Results show that in China's trade with these countries, water consumed in China's domestic production is less than virtual water implied in commodities and services consumed by China's domestic consumers, which indicates that China's domestic consumption of virtual water is satisfied by imported sources. Thus, China is a net importer of virtual water. Russia and South Korea are main importers of China's virtual water, while India and Indonesia are the main exporters of virtual water for China. Analysis demonstrates that exported virtual water in China's coastal, inland, northeast, northwest, and southwest regions decreases successively. As for the industry structure of traded virtual water footprints in China, the agriculture/forestry/animal husbandry/fishery industry is the largest export sector, while the food and tobacco industry, the construction industry, and other service industries are the top three virtual water import sectors.