Solid waste reduction and resource utilization is a sign of national progress and modernization. The massive amount of solid wastes produced in industrial production and daily life in China has not been well treated, and the annual output of solid wastes is growing year by year. It is proposed in this paper that “no-waste society” is not a society without solid waste production, but a society where most of its solid wastes are properly reused as resources. “No-waste society” is guided by the new development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and promotes green and recycling development and living modes, thus to achieve source reduction, resource utilization, and harmless treatment of solid wastes to the maximum extent. This paper further clarifies the boundary and scope for the “no-waste society”, depicts its characteristics, and proposes the general idea and direction of developing from “no-waste city” to “no-waste society”. Furthermore, policy measures are proposed including strengthening collaboration and supervision; advocating a diligent and thrifty life concept; and enhancing international exchange to actively participate in the construction of a global system for environment governance.