The medical specialty catalogue is of great significance for promoting the development of the medical discipline and cultivating qualified medical talents; therefore, a comprehensive and scientific medical specialty catalogue becomes even more important in the context of constructing first-class disciplines in colleges and universities. To promote the progressive development of medical disciplines in China, this research sorted out the medical specialty category by literature analysis, and systematically compared the features and category of medical specialty among the U.S. and the U.K. and China. Several major problems are raised as follow: non-uniform medical specialty and sub-specialty category, outdated arrangement of specialties in quantities and content, premature entry into sub-specialty training, inconsistent categories with standardized residential training, etc. To tackle the problems above, this research suggests that the medical specialty category should be in track with global standard, unified with interdisciplinary approach,and standardized admission and exit criteria be set up, which will prepare future qualified health professionals and promote the advancement of medical disciplines.