In view of the severe energy conservation and emission reduction, fuel cell vehicles are regarded globally as an important strategic direction of the automotive industry, and technological changes for commercial vehicles with high energy consumption and high emission become urgent. In this article, we analyzes the development trends of the fuel cell vehicle industry in China and abroad, introduces the various measures taken by major countries in the development and promotion of fuel cell vehicles, and summarizes the advantages and challenges faced by China in the development of fuel cell vehicles. This study reveals that the development route of fuel cell vehicles should focus on commercial vehicles based on China’s guiding policies for the fuel cell vehicle industry. Considering the factors restricting the development of fuel cell commercial vehicles, it is recommended to clarify the direction, goals, and priorities of the industry by adopting top-level design and introducing special industrial plans; research and development should be strengthened in key generic technologies of fuel cells to solve major obstacles that restrict the development of the industry, thereby promoting the high-quality development of the fuel cell vehicle industry.