The rapid development of key technologies for the intelligent research and development (R&D) of new materials has significantly promoted the R&D efficiency and industrialization of materials and attracted global attention. China's development in this field lags behind the advanced international level in terms of key technologies and infrastructures, which has restricted the original innovation and industrial development of the material sector. This study summarizes the key technologies involving the intelligent R&D of new materials, explores the developing status of these key technologies in China and abroad, and analyzes the challenges faced by China. Moreover, the intelligent R&D technology system is summarized including intelligent computing and design technologies and software, autonomous/intelligent experiment technologies and equipment, artificial-intelligence-driven basic algorithms and technologies, digital twins, intelligent R&D platforms and collaborative innovation networks. Furthermore, countermeasures are proposed from the aspects of innovative ecology construction, industrial environment improvement, standards system establishment, talent training, and international cooperation.