Research on the sixth-generation mobile communication (6G) technology starts gradually after the commercialization of the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G) technology, thus to support the development of digital economy and the construction of digital infrastructure. Countries worldwide are now competing for the establishment of 6G standards. This study reviews the development status of 6G standards from the aspects of 6G technology development in major developed countries and regions, international cooperation in 6G standards development, and 6G technology development in China. Moreover, it explores the integrated application and standardization progresses of 6G technology, involving the standardization of computing power networks, blockchain, digital twins, artificial intelligence, and holographic communications. China can make plans in advance for the standardization of 6G key technologies, focusing on terahertz, smart metasurface, smart holographic radio, super-large-scale MIMO, and communications-perception integration technologies. Furthermore, the following suggestions are proposed: (1) strengthening the independent innovation of 6G key technologies to promote the independent development of 6G basic industries; (2) accelerating cross-industry cooperation and innovation to establish the standards system for 6G key technologies; and (3) deepening international cooperation on 6G technologies to help create an open and win-win global industrial ecology.