In-depth exploration of the goals and common challenges in the development of integrated transportation technology is crucial for promoting the continuous progress of integrated transportation in China. This study reviews the current state of transportation engineering and technology in China from five dimensions: road, rail, water, aviation, and urban-integrated transportations. The future trends of integrated transportation engineering and technology in China are summarized, characterized by networking of transportation systems, shared mobility, intelligent traffic control, coordinated transportation operation, and three-dimensional transportation layout. The study suggests that comprehensive transportation engineering and technology breakthroughs can be achieved through the construction of an integrated transportation system, establishment of a digital infrastructure platform for transportation, development of comprehensive transportation command and control centers, and implementation of related services. The following strategic measures are recommended: constructing a new integrated transportation system, fostering new models of transportation and mobility, establishing an integrated transportation network, building multi-modal transportation hubs, and implementing major projects in intelligent and connected three-dimensional transportation. These initiatives will effectively drive the high-quality development of integrated transportation in China.