Energy is the foundation of a strong country and an engine to promote high-quality and sustainable economic development. This study summarizes the experiences of major energy powerhouses worldwide regarding energy development, believing that they have achieved excellent performance in multiple dimensions such as the stable and diversified energy supply, low-carbon and efficient energy consumption, leading innovation in energy technologies, orderly and open energy market, and completeness in energy governance systems. Moreover, this study reviews the advantages and disadvantages of energy development in China and proposes a Chinese path to becoming an energy powerhouse, involving staged objectives, key tasks, and measures. The basic conclusion is that we need to increase the clean utilization of coal resources to exploit the role of coal in ensuring energy security. Meanwhile, it is crucial to improve China's ability of oil and gas self-sufficiency by strengthening the exploration and development of oil and gas resources and promoting the lacustrine shale oil revolution. It is also important to scale up the renewable energy sources and optimize the layout of clean energy sources such as hydrogen, thereby improving energy security and implementing the carbon reduction goals through multi-energy coordination.