Developing major projects concerning the national water network and shoring up the construction of the national water network has strategic significance in comprehensively improving China's capacity to guarantee its water security and supporting its high-quality economic and social development. This study first discusses the necessity and urgency of constructing national water network projects based on China's water security situation. Consequently, it summarizes the technical achievements and practical experience regarding the construction from the aspects of planning, construction, and operation, drawing from the examples of the first stage of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project, the water diversion project from the Three Gorges Reservoir to the Hanjiang River, and the water resource allocation project in the west region of Chongqing. Moreover, it explores the challenges in the high-quality construction of national water network projects and proposes several key technological research directions, including the construction principles and effectiveness evaluation systems, intelligent construction and performance maintenance, and intelligent regulation of the national water network projects. Furthermore, the following suggestions are proposed to promote high-quality construction of national water network projects and to guarantee future water security: (1) accelerating the construction of the follow-up projects of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project to complete the main framework of the national water network, (2) optimizing the regional layout of the water network project to support China's major regional development strategies, (3) promoting the demonstration projects that integrate the development of water network with other networks so as to enhance comprehensive benefits, and (4) promoting the application of digital technologies throughout the entire process of the construction and enhancing the water network's ability to serve social and economic development.