It has become an international trend for lunar exploration objectives to shift toward "emphasizing both understanding and utilization." Lunar infrastructure construction (LIC) will become a critical element in humanity's development and utilization of the Moon. China is also conducting the planning and deployment of lunar base construction, necessitating a systematic review and scientific evaluation of the major task requirements and technological development directions for LIC. Relying on an interdisciplinary team of experts, this study reviews the deep space exploration plans and research literature of major spacefaring nations. Based on relevant bibliometric data, it formulates a LIC task requirement list covering core objectives and supporting capabilities, as well as a LIC key technology list. Based on the above lists, a questionnaire was designed, and domain experts were organized to complete the survey. The questionnaire data then underwent in-depth mining and comprehensive evaluation. The research proposes the LIC core task and key technology system, identifying priority construction tasks such as power generation and oxygen production infrastructure, and key technological aspects such as lunar regolith printing and in-situ drilling on the lunar surface. Additionally, it assesses the technology maturity levels, implementation pathways, and development bottlenecks. The LIC task and technology system constructed in this study not only provides data support and directional guidance for China's LIC capability layout but also offers a reference framework for the phased deployment and resource allocation of major deep space exploration missions.