"Carbon capture ashore and storage offshore" has been one of the important application scenarios in carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) solutions in recent years. It is forward-looking and urgent to clarify the development orientation, application prospect, and implementation pathway of "carbon capture ashore and storage offshore" in China in the context of carbon neutrality. This study reviews the progress of "carbon capture ashore and storage offshore" from the perspectives of process characteristics, development potentials, international projects progress, and planning research progress in China. Based on analyses of the development prospects, this study explores the challenges and countermeasures of "carbon capture ashore and storage offshore" in China from the aspects of economic cost, leakage risk, storage efficiency, policy management, and international situation. The development of "carbon capture ashore and storage offshore" in China can be divided into three stages: project planning and research, small-scale demonstrations, large-scale commercial application, and the development timeline toward 2060 is predicted. Accordingly, it is recommended to focus on key development milestones and timely introduce supportive policies. A comprehensive regulatory system should be established to enhance risk prevention and control. Small-scale pilot projects should be initiated to prudently drive industrialization. The market's pivotal role should be leveraged, with enterprises leading commercial applications. Through scientific planning and steady advancement of "carbon capture ashore and storage offshore" initiatives, robust support can be provided for China to achieve its goal of carbon neutrality.