The in-depth application of digital technologies in the medical sector is driving the transformation of medical institutions toward a more intelligent and data-driven approach. This study, based on the application framework of digital technologies, outlines their key application scenarios in medical service processes, explores their impacts on the operational mechanisms and service models of medical institutions, and analyzes the major challenges currently faced. The study indicates that digital technologies have been widely applied in various scenarios, including precision medicine and personalized treatment, medical research and education, patient service and experience optimization, health management, medical operation and administration, as well as medical equipment and facility management. However, the widespread adoption of digital technologies is still constrained by multiple factors, such as inadequate data security mechanisms, lack of a unified technological standards system, and outdated infrastructure. These issues, to varying degrees, hinder the sustainable development of digital technologies. In response, this study suggests that future medical institutions should strengthen the deep integration and continuous innovation of digital technologies, promote the transformation of medical models toward comprehensive health management, and advance the refinement and intelligence of management models. This will facilitate a profound transformation in medical cognition and health concepts, ultimately leading to the establishment of a digital and humanistic medical service system.