Promoting inclusive health in low-resource settings is an essential path toward achieving a higher level of health equity. Building upon a clarification of the fundamental concept of inclusive health in low-resource settings and the construction of an analytical framework, this study reviews international practices and identifies six key developmental patterns: governance mechanism innovations that drive resource optimal allocation; health-oriented payment reforms based on diversified and integrated financing models; integrated health service models grounded in supply-demand coordination and collaboration between primary and specialized care; systematic, practice-oriented training systems for general practitioners; practical and flexible production and supply chains for medicines and medical devices; and pragmatic and context-adapted integration of digital-intelligent technologies. The study argues that inclusive health in low-resource settings not only helps maintain social stability but also activates endogenous regional development potentials, making it an inevitable requirement and essential component of an inclusive social welfare system. In the context of global‒local interactions, pathways to inclusive health exhibit significant regional variations and face the core challenges of institutional coordination and technological adaptability. It is therefore recommended that China build an appropriate inclusive health system in a phased manner, focusing on supply-demand synergy and the integration of general and specialized care. Efforts should focus on establishing an integrated governance framework characterized by multi-stakeholder collaboration and digital-intelligent empowerment, with priority given to innovating core mechanisms of primary health care services and promoting the application of digital-intelligent technologies. This approach will facilitate efficient transformation of health resources and foster a virtuous cycle of regional development, particularly in low-resource settings.