The new-type power system exhibits the characteristics of high proportions of renewable energy and power electronic equipment. From the perspective of energy security, it is necessary to identify the key issues faced by the new-type power system in terms of technological evolution, structural transformation, and market mechanisms, and propose actionable response strategies. Considering the development status of current power systems, this study analyzes the safety risks associated with new-type power systems from five aspects: power supply, power operation, power infrastructure, industrial chain, and extreme scenarios. A power security support system focusing on power supply guarantee and restoration, flexible mutual assistance, and comprehensive defense is proposed. Specifically, the study summarizes the issues related to power supply guarantee and recovery under extreme events as well as the reliable operation of power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy. In terms of flexible mutual assistance, related issues include the configuration of a large power grid amidst the development of marine‒land renewable energy, flexible resources for new-type power systems, entry of renewable energy into the market, and establishment of a national unified power market. Regarding comprehensive defense, related issues involve digital security protection in the context of distributed resource aggregation, adaptive security defense against strong uncertainties, and cross-energy, cross-domain security defense under energy system coupling. Furthermore, development ideas for future new-type power systems are proposed from the perspectives of enhancing power supply and restoration capabilities, strengthening flexible mutual assistance in power supply, and establishing a comprehensive defense system. These efforts aim to facilitate the safe, stable, and high-quality transformation of the power system, and provide effective support for energy security and the transition to a green, low-carbon energy system.