PDF(988 KB)
Protection and Development of Tropical Biological Coasts
Qiaomin Zhang, Hongqiang Yang, Meixia Zhao, Si Zhang
Strategic Study of CAE ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6) : 53-58.
PDF(988 KB)
PDF(988 KB)
Protection and Development of Tropical Biological Coasts
Tropical biological coasts are ecologically critical areas with high concentration of biological activities, which is of special value to the biodiversity and resource productivity of coastal zone. The rapid environmental fluctuation and enhanced human ctivities
in the Anthropocene have risked the ecological security and sustainable development of the coastal zone. This paper mainly focuses on the research progress and ecological risks of the biological coasts, and proposes some suggestions on their protection and management, including: reinforcing national strategic planning to save energy, reduce emissions, strictly control the exploitation, and give priority to protection, thereby maintaining and enhancing natural resilience; improving the monitoring network while conducting a comprehensive survey; promoting scientific management to establish large offshore marine protected areas; and strengthening scientific research and personnel training. The national strategy of building a maritime power and the implementation of the island and reef engineering project in the South China Sea provide unprecedented opportunities for the study of coral reefs in China, with promising prospects.
biological coasts / coral reefs / mangroves / ecologically critical areas / Anthropocene
| [1] |
张乔民. 我国热带生物海岸的现状及生态系统的修复与重建 [J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2001, 32(4): 454–465. Zhang Q M. Status of tropical biological coasts of China: Implications on ecosystem restoration and reconstruction [J]. Oceanology et Limnologia Sinica, 2001, 32(4): 454–465.
|
| [2] |
Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone. Report of the workshop focus 2: Mangrove biogeomorphology [R]. Townsville: Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone, 1994.
|
| [3] |
Pernetta J C , Milliman J D. Land-Ocean Interaction in the Coastal Zone: Implementation plan [R]. Stockholm: IGBP, 1995.
|
| [4] |
Clark J R. Coastal zone management handbook [M]. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1996.
|
| [5] |
张乔民. 我国红树林、珊瑚礁海岸资源与开发 [R]. 香港: 香港科 技大学海岸与大气研究中心, 2000. Zhang Q M. Mangrove and coral reef coastal resources of China and its development [R]. Hong Kong: Centre for Coastal and Atmospheric Research, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2000.
|
| [6] |
Stoddart D R. Ecology and morphology of recent coral reef [J]. Biological Review, 1969, 44: 433–498.
|
| [7] |
Hopley D. Coral reefs [M]. Dordrecht: Springer, 2005.
|
| [8] |
Finkl C W. Reef coasts [M]. Dordrecht: Springer, 2016.
|
| [9] |
张乔民, 余克服, 施祺, 等.全球珊瑚礁监测与管理保护评述 [J]. 热带海洋学报, 2006, 25(2): 71–78. Zhang Q M, Yu K F, Shi Q, et al. A review of monitoring, conservation and management of global coral reefs [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2006, 25(2): 71–78.
|
| [10] |
张乔民, 赵美霞, 王丽荣, 等. 世界珊瑚礁现状和威胁研究进展 [J]. 广西科学, 2017, 24(5): 435–440. Zhang Q M, Zhao M X, Wang L R, et al. A Review of current status of coral reefs and their threats in the world [J]. Guangxi Sciences, 2017, 24(5):435–440.
|
| [11] |
Veron J E, Hoegh-guldberg O, Lenton T M, et al. The coral reef crisis: The critical importance of < 350ppm CO2 [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2009, 58(10): 1428–1436.
|
| [12] |
Miller M W. Coral disturbance and recovery in a changing world [M]. Dordrecht: Springer, 2015.
|
| [13] |
Birkeland C. Coral reefs in the anthropocene [M]. Dordrecht: Springer, 2015.
|
| [14] |
Wilkinson C. Status of coral reefs of the world [R]. Townsville: Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and Reef and Rainforest Research Centre, 2008.
|
| [15] |
Burke L, Reytar K, Spalding M, et al. Reefs at risk revisited [M]. Washington DC: World Resources Institute, 2011.
|
| [16] |
Bellwood D R, Hughes T P, Folke C, et al. Confronting the coral reef crisis [J]. Nature, 2004, 429 (6994): 827–833.
|
| [17] |
De’ath G, Fabricius K E, Sweatman H, et al. The 27–year decline of coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef and its causes [J]. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012, 109(44): 17995–17999.
|
| [18] |
Cressey D. Terry Hughes: Reef sentinel [J]. Nature, 2016, 540: 510–511.
|
| [19] |
张乔民, 张叶春, 孙淑杰. 中国红树林和红树林海岸的现状与管 理 [C]. 中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站编. 热带海洋研究 (五). 北京: 科学出版社, 1997: 143–151. Zhang Q M, Zhang Y C, Sun S J. Status and management of mangroves and mangrove coasts in China [C]. CAS HainanTropical Marine Biology Laboratory Station(Ed.). Tropical Marine Research V. Beijing: China Science Publishing & Media Ltd., 1997: 143–151.
|
| [20] |
Blasco F, Aizpuru M, Besnehard J. Mangroves, ecology [M]. Dordrecht: Springer, 2005.
|
| [21] |
Blasco F, Aizpuru M. Depletion of the mangroves of Asia [J]. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 2001, 9(3): 245–256.
|
| [22] |
Feller I C, Lovelock C E, Berger U, et al. Biocomplexity in mangrove ecosystems [J]. Annual Review of Marine Science, 2010, 2(1): 395–417.
|
| [23] |
Duke N C, Meynecke J O, Dittmann S, et al. A world without mangroves [J]. Science, 2007, 317: 41–42.
|
| [24] |
Kodikara K, Mukherjee N, Pulukkuttige J L. Have mangrove restoration projects worked? An in-depth study in Sri Lanka [J]. Restoration Ecology, 2017, 25(5): 705–716.
|
| [25] |
Lewis R R, Brown B, Flynn L. Methods and criteria for successful mangrove forest rehabilitation [C]. Perillo G, et al (eds). Coastal Wetlands: An Integrated Ecosystem Approach. 2nd Edition. Chapter 24, Singapore: Elsevier, 2019.
|
| [26] |
Friess D A, Rogers K, Lovelock C E, et al. The state of the world’s mangrove forests: Past, present, and future [J]. Annual Review of Environment, 2019, 44(1): 1–27.
|
| [27] |
Burke L, Selig E, Spalding M. Reefs at risk in southeast Asia [M]. Washington DC: World Resources Institute, 2002.
|
| [28] |
Wilkinson C R. Status of coral reefs of the world [R]. Townsville: Australian Institute of Marine Science, 2002.
|
| [29] |
廖宝文, 张乔民. 中国红树林的分布、面积和树种组成 [J]. 湿地 科学, 2014, 12(4): 435–440. Liao B W, Zhang Q M. Area, distribution and species composition of mangroves in China [J]. Wetland Science, 2014, 12(4): 435– 440.
|
| [30] |
范航清, 王文卿. 中国红树林保育若干重要问题 [J]. 厦门大学 学报(自然科学版), 2017, 56(3) :323–330. Fan H Q, Wang W Q. Some thematic issues for mangrove conservation in China [J]. Journal of Xiamen University (Natural Science), 2017, 56(3):323–330.
|
| [31] |
Wilkinson C R, Buddemeier R W. Global climate change and coral reefs: Implications for people and reefs [R]. Gland: International Union for Conservation of Nature, 1994.
|
| [32] |
Sarker S K, Reeve R, Thompson J, et al. Are we failing to protect threatened mangroves in the Sundarbans world heritage ecosystem [J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6(1): 21234.
|
| [33] |
张乔民, 隋淑珍. 中国红树林湿地资源及其保护 [J]. 自然资源 学报, 2001, 16(1): 28–36. Zhang Q M, Sui S Z. The mangrove wetland resources and their conservation in China [J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2001, 16(1): 28–36.
|
| [34] |
Hodgson G, Liebeler J. The global coral reef crisis: Trends and solutions, 5 years of reef check (1997—2001) [R]. Los Angeles: Reef Check Foundation, 2002.
|
| [35] |
Hatcher B G, Johannes R E, Robertson A I. Review of research relevant to the conservation of shallow tropical marine ecosystems [J]. Oceanography Marine Biology, 1989, 27: 337–414.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
AI Summary
