The extreme environment in the deep sea gave birth to the largest ecosystem in the world that is far from known. The deepsea environment possesses a huge amount of biological resources with special functions. Exploitation equipment plays an important role in promoting the green, safe, and orderly development of the deep-sea biological resources. To clarify the characteristics and technical challenges of the equipment for deep-sea biological resources exploitation and explore its development directions and focus, we investigate the technical requirements of deep-sea biological resources exploitation, introduce the current status of the deep-sea biological resource exploitation equipment, and analyzes the challenges faced in the development of these equipment. To overcome the difficulties such as lack of unified standards, shortage of testing platforms, and deficiency in technology transformation, we propose several suggestions from the perspective of innovation system, general technology, transformation platform, and international cooperation, hoping to contribute to the sustainable development of the deep-sea biological resources from the equipment development perspective.