The developing course of the Western architecture from the Modernism to the Post-Modernism,  and that of various schools of Avant唱garde are reviewed. The paper advocates to develop a road of China's own "New Modernism" in the process of modernization, based on the national conditions, with emphasis on returning to the basic spirit of Modernism, the Rationalism, and drawing on the experience of the Post唱 Modernism in paying close attention to the tradition, and opposing the individuation of the Avant-garde.