The present review is related to the progress of synthetic rubber industry in this century with special emphasis on the synthetic chemistry, which is the theoretic ground of synthetic rubber. It is forecasted that the living/controlled polymerization of all kinds, their transformation and matallocene system will still take the leading trend in the near future. The progress of the corresponding technology for the manufacture of synthetic rubber will be the gas polymerization process and the polymerization reactor will remain a hot topic to be investigated .