A rapid development of crop bioengineering has been made in the world over the last decade, and many transgenic insect-, disease-or herbicide-resistant cultivars have been obtained. The crop bioengineering will play an important role in solving such problems as food security, environment deterioration and resource deficiency. In this article, the progress and the current status of crop bioengineering are reviewed, the problems and challenges we are facing are pointed out, and the trends in the field of crop bioengeering are prospected.