The cutting technique is the most widely used technology in machining field and the focus of the majority of cutting technology research has been directed toward high-speed machining. For superhard materials machining, the main trend is the development of new combined technology of grinding, ultrasonic machining (USM) , electrical-discharge machining (EDM) and others. The theoretical and technical research work and results on high efficiency machining and high efficiency combined technology are presented in the paper. They include mainly the fundamental theory of high-speed machining, new system for development of ceramic cutting tool materials as well as the theories and techniques of electrical-discharge grinding machining (EDGM), combined technology of ultrasonic machining (USM) and electrical-discharge machining (EDM) for superhard materials. The results used in practice show that the developed high efficiency machining technologies may greatly promote the machining efficiency, improve the surface quality and reduce the machining cost.