The Characteristics of water and the issue of water resources in China are mainly discussed in the paper. The viewpoint that the situation of water resources in China cann´t be judged simplily by the amount of average yearly precipitation, and the exploitation and utilization of water resources depend on the humen´s control and management are expounded. In general the water resources in China is enough for using, its unbalnced distribution in space-time is the most problem. Lots of experiences about bringing water under control and using water were accumulated by the Chinese farmers in thousand-years-histroy´s practice. Saving water in agriculture is very important,the key measure is to advocate “decentralized storage and decentralized utilization of water” so that the loss and pollutiion of runoff can be controled. In order to raise the efficiency of water use,a series of research and practical work needs to be carried out.