The significance of the theory of modem management and decision making to the research and development of aero-engines in China is discussed. Then by reviewing some successful and unsuccessful examples in and out of China of decision making in research and development of new aero-engines, experiences and lessons in decision making and management are analysed and summarized. It is further stated that several relationships should correctly be handled in connection with the practice in China in the process of research and development of Chinese aeroengines. For the better and faster development of Chinese aero-engines, to practise decision making in a scientific and democratic way will be the first important measure to be taken. At last suggestions for scientific decision making in research and development of Chinese new aeroengines are presented.