The world is nonlinear, linearity is oly its approximate description. The discovery of chaos has showed that some deterministic nonlinear systems exhibit inner random behavior. Over the past two decades, chaos was such a universal phenomenon that it was reported virtually in every scientific discipline ： mathematics, physics, chemistry, and even the social sciences. The main interest for theoretical academicians has been to investigate the essence of chaos. At the same time, practical applicatioins of chaos have been widely appreciated in many engineering fields such as information engineering, system engineering, medical engineering, agricultural engineering, electrical engineering，biological engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, etc. Chaos Engineering is a new nonlinear engineering science to research the practical use of chaos and its fundamental theory. In this paper, the object, definition, concept, method, theory and application of modern Chaos Engineering are summarized. Some works done by the author and the recent advances are introduced. The fcx:us of Chaos Engineering research and development in national economy and national defense may include chaos analytic technique, chaos control technique and chaos synthetic technique.