This paper reviewed the history of schistosomiasis prevention, analysed the accomplishment and problems of schistosomiasis prevention in China, and brought forward the theory of the beaches snails outwipping forest ecological engineering. The study focused on beaches with severe schistosomiasis probanation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in order to carry out snail outwipping forest ecological engineering, to change the environmental factors on beaches, to reduce or eliminate the snails(oncomelania)-the only host of Schistomata japonica , and to enhance the environmental and economical benefits. Thesis systematically studied the distribution of beaches along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the relationship between environmental factors and distribution and density of oncomelania, the successional pattern of the beach vegetation, the transformation approaches and bio-productivity of the existing beach vegetation types, and the structure and function of the snail outwipping agroforestry ecosystems.