Fruit germplasm resources, levels of fruit industry, and research status at present in China are desqribed. Discussion lays particular emphasis on (i) realizing modernization and specialization in production of traditional variety groups; (ii) fruit development and construction of ecological environment; (iii) attaching great importance to root system research; (iv) development of fruit processing industry at a suitable speed and on the basis of scientific investigation and paying attention to reasonable combination of large-, mid- and small-scales; (v) establishing an engineering-technic system for production of quality fruits. Concretely, the research should cover variety combination and specialization, breeding ‘ worldwide varieties´ and famous-special-fine varieties, production of nuisanceless fruits via environment protection, putting root system research to aim at sustainable development and fruit quality, nutrition-genotypic root systems, renting genes, forming an engineering-technic system to guarantee fruit quality, knowledge of gradual progress in fruit processing industry, etc.