New prebaked anode cells of 500 kA and 320 kA capacity appeared in France and China separately at the beginning of the 21st century. These are important advances in aluminium electrolytic industry. This paper mentioned the various advantages of large prebaked anode cells, especially the lowering of electrical energy consumption due to a decreasing of heat loss coefficient. For the future development of prebaked anode cells, there may be three ways:Using low-temperature electrolysis technology (at 800〜9001℃ ); Using inert cathode and anodes in the construction of new type electrolysis cells;③ a combination of ① and ②.