The theory of five elements has had a profound influence on Chinese medicine. It manifests the holistic and comprehensive approach of traditional Chinese medici ne to treating diseases. However, it has its limitations in that it fails to tho roughly reflect the general relations between substances. To rectify this, Chine se medicine correlates five organs with five elements, which not only maintains the essence of the theory of five elements but in practice overcomes its limitat ions thanks to the introduction of Zangfu theory. Thus, Chinese medicine theor ies can be wound up to “the theory of five organs correlation”. To modernize t he Chinese medicine theories, we could categorize the mutual relations of five o rgans as those of generation, restriction and cooperation so as to explore the h olistic and comprehensive feature of Chinese medicine.