Chinese national arctic and antarctic research expeditions (CHINARE) have continuously conducted out underway sea-air pCO₂ and its relative parameters measurements in the Southern Ocean and the western Arctic Ocean for 10 years. The distribution of surface pCO₂ and sea-air fluxes of CO₂ were analyzed to understand variability of carbon pools for both oceans. Vulnerability of the both carbon pools was appreciated for their roles in world oceanic carbon cycle. Exploring engineering technology was also discussed to develop a polar oceanic carbon pools observatory.