The present work gives an introduction to the framework of development of high speed trains and the study on its innovation techniques in China. In the framework, the further researches were carried out on the profile and back-distance of high speed wheelset, the irregularity spectrum of high speed track, and the suspension parameters of high speed EMU in order to find their best adaptabilities when the vehicles run at the existing line. The structure parameters of the high speed EMU, which now serves in Beijing—Tianjin intercity high speed line, were in detail optimized and their hunting critical speed increases significantly. Therefore, the vehicles meet their service operation at higher speeds. The maximum test speed of this kind of the high speed vehicle on Beijing—Tianjin high speed line reached 394.3 km/h, and the vehicle represent excellent dynamic behavior. Aimed at a new generation of high speed trains with higher service speed, which will serves on Beijing—Shanghai high speed railway line, the characteristics of the non-ballasted track, and the service operation requirement of the vehicles, the vertical dynamic characteristics of the vehicle used now in Beijing—Tianjin line were further improved and optimized without loss of its critical hunting speed. The lateral and vertical dynamics behaviors and motion stability increase distinctly. The procedure regarding the import, assimilation and absorption, and innovation of high speed train techniques has been successfully accomplished.