With the rapid development of computer and network technologies, the computing paradigm has evolved from the original mainframe computing to desktop (PC) computing, and then to network computing, and even pervasive computing. However, the existing computing paradigms all follow the thinking model of single machine or joint-based single machine and thus are characterized as resource sharing. In the new era of network or pervasive computing, users are mainly concerned about services and service sharing, and accordingly the computing will also shift from being characterized as resource sharing to service sharing. This paper proposes a new computing paradigm, transparent computing, which aims for service sharing and presents the concept, architecture and key technologies of transparent computing. Moreover, it also gives the prospect of the impact and future development of transparent computing.