According to the investigation and analysis of the engineering geology in Kongzhuang Mine and the laboratory experiments of rock mechanics, we use three-dimensional numerical simulation to study the distribution of ground displacement field in surrounding rocks when the roadway shows the asymmetric deformation characteristics of surrounding rock significantly, analysis stress distribution law when the roadway promotes to the inferior of the upper face. The results of theoretical study show that the asymmetric deformation is controlled by centralized stress from coal pillar in upper goaf. This research provides a preliminary theoretical basis for the controlling countermeasures of asymmetric deformation characteristics of surrounding rock in Kongzhuang Mine.