In this paper, on the basis of research on high core rock-fill dam filling construction characteristics, the process control index architecture is established; the method of process monitoring is determined; the solution scheme is proposed; the monitoring system of core rock-fill dam filling construction process, with the characteristics of real-time, high precision, automation and all weather, is developed in order to achieve monitoring on process of transportation to dam and rolling on dam surface. The monitoring system is applied in the construction field of the highest earth rock-fill dam in Asia, Nuozhadu core rock-fill dam, as the core component of the construction process control architecture, achieving refining, all-whether and real-time control on key links of dam filling construction, which improves quality control level and efficiency of construction process.