Three Gorges Project (TGP) plays a key role in harnessing and developing the Yangtze River, undertaking the tasks of comprehensive utilization such as flood control, power generation and navigation. After the completion of the project, it can be ensured that the flood control standard of Jingjiang area will be not less than 100-year-frequency. As a result, the flood control pressure on the midlower reaches will be alleviated greatly,great energy support will be provided for the central, east and south China and the navigation conditions of Chuanjiang River will be improved fundamentally. Meanwhile, the navigation channel depth can be increased and the navigation conditions will be improved in the middle river reach through compensating regulation in dry season. In the new era, new requirements have been put forward to the operation of TGP for the harnessing, development and protection of the Yangtze River Basin. How to optimize the water resources utilization and implement a scientific operation to promote the comprehensive benefits of reservoir will be a longterm task of TGP.