China's aerospace project quality management is guided by Dr. Qian Xuesen’s system engineering theory. Based on the principle of “adherence, perfect and development”, driven by the major engineering projects, the theory and management innovation of aerospace project quality management has been continuously developed. Since the “11th Five-Year Plan”, CASC has been implemented aerospace project meticulous quality management to ensure the success of a series of major aerospace projects, such as China’s manned aerospace project , Chang’e project, etc. The meticulous quality management puts the emphasis on improving the capabilities of overall design improvement, system optimization, effectively identification and control of the technical risk, fast focusing, and amplifying and quantizing control capability of key details; highlights the effective integration and operation of organizational quality management system and project product assurance system; focuses on the development and application of the practical management tools and the synchronous improvement of technology, product, team and management maturity. This paper briefly reviewed the history of the development of quality management in aerospace industry, and proposed the concept and content meticulous quality management, and discusses the meticulous quality management theoretical basis, methods, work systems and the main approaches.