With a large span in Geography and multiple climatic types, Gansu Province has complete types of dryland farming. Combining with traditional drought-resistance experience, micro field rain-collecting engineering, drought-resistance cultivation and farm machinery, Gansu has created many regional characteristics dryland farming technology in their long history of dryland farming practice and agricultural research activities. The traditional Gansu gravel mulching field, dryland wheat film bunch planting, and rain-colleting agriculture was reviewed in this article. The basic features, mechanism of crop drought-resistance and yield increase, and application situation ofthe whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges and planting maize in catchment furrows, and soil over film-mulched and bunch-seeded wheat was introduced.