China is a country which has many severe meteorological disasters. Southwest China vortex is an important severe weather system, closely related with the rainstorm flooding in summer half year in China. It has many influences on the national economy, social developmemt, life and property safety of the people. Based on the situation of scientific research and field experiment on Southwest China vortex, this paper gives out the importance of the observational basis with Southwest China vortex atmospheric scientific experiment for the basic data, scientific research and operational forecasting of Southwest China vortex. The design principle and technological way for the observing layout of Southwest China vortex atmospheric scientific experiment from the aspects of the network distribution, equipment level and observational element are proposed. According to this, the observing layout engineering of Southwest China vortex atmospheric scientific experiment is systematically designed. And the main advance was briefly reviewed for the two Southwest China vortex atmospheric scientific experiments in the summer of 2010 and 2011, and from this, the validity was emphasized for the observing design-layout of Southwest China vortex atmospheric scientific experiment, which made progress on the research and operation of Southwest China vortex. Finally, from the needs, present and effect of Southwest China vortex atmospheric scientific experiment,it further points out the importance of strengthing the observing design-layout research and practice for the development of social economy and reducing disaster in China.