Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a major threat to humanity. International studies have shown that of 57 million deaths worldwide in 2008，63 %（36 million） were caused by chronic non- communicable diseases of which 80 %（29 million）occurred in low and middle income countries. The WHO predicts that if the current situation continues to develop，the annual number of deaths due to chronic non-communicable diseases will increase to 55 million in 2030. As acceleration of industrialization，urbanization and population aging processes and rapid changes of national lifestyle，the morbidity and mortality rates of chronic diseases are showing a rapid growth trend in China. Therefore，dealing with the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases is becoming one of the current major issues that must be considered as soon as possible in China. On the basis of summarizing the status of major chronic diseases in China，analyzing the key issues and key factors in chronic disease prevention and control and studying and summarizing the experience from the previous projects，this paper proposes the following recommendations for the strategies for chronic disease prevention and control and relevant system construction that China should adopt and develop：All relevant government departments should formulate corresponding policies；establish a coordinated and efficient work system with rational structure and clear division of tasks and responsibilities within the system；implement the development of“integrated medicine”in system，work norms and requirements and thereby improve the performance and efficiency in chronic disease prevention and control in China.