Membrane technology could realize molecular-level separation with low cost and high efficiency， which has become a generic technology for solving the big challenges that the mankind faces such as resources and environmental problems. A growing number of countries have paid significant attention to development of membrane technology. In recent years， with the great support from government and continuous R & D efforts， China has made a considerable progress in membrane science and technology. This paper will give a historical review of membrane technology in China. Recent 10-year innovations in fields of water treatment membranes， pervaporation membranes， gas separation membranes， ion exchange membranes， inorganic membranes， membrane reactors， novel membranes will be shown based on the fundamental study and industrial implementation of membrane design， preparation and application. And futuredevelopment directions and goals of the membrane science and technology in China are prospected.