To explore the factors affecting women’s sexual satisfaction after menopause in rural areas，thus to provide scientific evidence for elder women’s health，the authors used a multi-stage random sampling method on postmenopausal women in rural areas from five areas of Chongqing from March to August 2012. We adopted a unified approach questionnaire and physical examination. The results showed that the proportion of rural postmenopausal women’s sexual satisfaction and dissatisfaction accounted for 83.7 % and 16.3 %，respectively. The univariate analysis showed that postmenopausal women’s sexual satisfaction was correlated with 12 variables (P<0.05) including their marital status，education level，household income，family structure，whether suffering from gynecological diseases，genital tract discomfort last two weeks，living way，the need for sex，frequency of sexual life，sexual health knowledge of gerontism，perceived physical condition and conscious living conditions. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the separation methods (odds ratio (OR) =1.711，95 % confidence interval (CI) is 1.334～2.194)，a high frequency of sexual life (OR=1.694，95 % CI is 1.334～2.152)，poor performance status conscious (OR=1.281，95 % CI is 1.018～1.613) were risk factors，while the high household income (OR=0.651，95 % CI is 0.512～0.826) and a history of gynecological diseases (OR=0.689，95 % CI is 0.486～0.977) were protective factors.Therefore，there were varieties of relevant factors affecting rural postmenopausal women’s sexual satisfaction. Postmenopausal women should be paid attention to sex education so as to improve their life quality.