To evaluate the effect of post- abortion contraceptive counseling and education (PACE) on contraceptive behavior of abortion women，200 women who had abortion in the West China Second University Hospital form August 1st 2011 to September 30th 2011 were treated with conventional treatment (conventional group)，200 women who had abortion form October 25th 2011 to April 10th 2012 were treated with PACE（intervention group）. The effect of the intervention of PACE by comparison was evaluated at one month，three months and six months after abortion. The six months follow-up rate of the conventional group and intervention group were 46 %，71.5 %，respectively（P<0.01）. Compared with the rate of 10.8 % of respondents who started sex lives in four weeks after abortion in conventional group，that of the intervention group was 3.5 %（P<0.05). It was better for intervention group than conventional group on using contraceptive methods correctly(P<0.01). The rates of modern contraceptive（such as condom，oral contraceptive pills and intrauterine devices）usage of the intervention group is significant higher than that of the conventional group (P<0.01). The incidence of unplanned pregnancy (1.5 %) in the intervention group is lower than that in the conventional group (7.0 %)(P>0.05). Timely post- abortion contraceptive counseling and education is effective for abortion women to strengthen their contraceptive awareness，increase contraceptive knowledge and use correct contraceptive methods and results in promoting the women’s reproductive health．