This review first presents the main two structures in cell membrane—the lipid bilayer and membrane proteins and the mechanism of the ultrafast water transportation .It then describles the three types of biomimetic membranes that apply membrane protein，carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and artificial channels as water channel respectively. At the part of the membrane protein，the advantages of amphiphilic block copolymer using as supporting matrix and the problem faced in large-scale production of defectless membrane have been introduce；the second part is mainly about the mechanism of ultrafast water transportation in CNTs and the fabrication method of the hybrid membrane；at the part of artificial channels what really important is the design method. The review concludes with a discussion on the fundamental and practical challenges and a future outlook on the application of biomimetic membrane for desalination.