The importance of carrying out deep and thorough study on energy consumption， material consumption and waste emission of steel industry was emphasized. The guideline， way of thinking and theoretical base of the study were illustrated. A network diagram for macro-control on steel industry was conceived， and a group of multi-ratio formulas was derived； both of them are necessary theoretical tools for precise and effective macro-control on steel industry. Looking back， the main reasons for extra huge amount of energy consumption， material consumption and waste emission of China’s steel industry were identified. Looking forward， the principle， direction， and long-term target of the macro-control in the future were put forward. In a word， the theory and methodology of the macro-control on steel industry were initially formulated.