Through the investigation of cognitive status of postpartum women in Tianjin Binhai New District on contraceptive issues to realize the necessity of improving the overall awarenesss of contraception in postpartum women. The questionnaire is self-designed, asked and filled out by permanent doctors. Among these postpartum women there are 81.9 % know that contraception should be taken, but only 46.9% know the harm of postpartum high-risk abortion, 48.8 % don’t have any plans about contraceptive methods or intend to take any three months later, 47.2 % plan or have take contraceptive methods in their first postpartum sex life. Women with high education` engaged in management work` doing C-section have a better understanding in contraceptive. 258(80.6 %) know that contraception should be taken through hospital delivery or postpartum visit, 207(64.7 %) choose condom in priority among contraceptive methods. There are not so many postpartum women choose long-acting contraceptive methods, health care workers should improve guidance and propaganda for postpartum women about postpartum contraception, improve their usage of reliable contraceptive methods, improve their life quality.