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Histone variants: critical determinants in tumour heterogeneity

Tao Wang, Florent Chuffart, Ekaterina Bourova-Flin, Jin Wang, Jianqing Mi, Sophie Rousseaux, Saadi Khochbin

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 289-297 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0667-3

Abstract: Malignant cell transformation could be considered as a series of cell reprogramming events driven by oncogenic transcription factors and upstream signalling pathways. Chromatin plasticity and dynamics are critical determinants in the control of cell reprograming. An increase in chromatin dynamics could therefore constitute an essential step in driving oncogenesis and in generating tumour cell heterogeneity, which is indispensable for the selection of aggressive properties, including the ability of cells to disseminate and acquire resistance to treatments. Histone supply and dosage, as well as histone variants, are the best-known regulators of chromatin dynamics. By facilitating cell reprogramming, histone under-dosage and histone variants should also be crucial in cell transformation and tumour metastasis. Here we summarize and discuss our knowledge of the role of histone supply and histone variants in chromatin dynamics and their ability to enhance oncogenic cell reprogramming and tumour heterogeneity.

Keywords： cancer-testis     TH2B     TH2A     H1T     H1.0     H1F0     linker histones    

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Effect of process parameters on the density and porosity of laser melted AlSi10Mg/SiC metal matrix composite

Omotoyosi H. FAMODIMU, Mark STANFORD, Chike F. ODUOZA, Lijuan ZHANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 520-527 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0521-y

Abstract:

Laser melting of aluminium alloy—AlSi10Mg has increasingly been used to create specialised products in various industrial applications, however, research on utilising laser melting of aluminium matrix composites in replacing specialised parts have been slow on the uptake. This has been attributed to the complexity of the laser melting process, metal/ceramic feedstock for the process and the reaction of the feedstock material to the laser. Thus, an understanding of the process, material microstructure and mechanical properties is important for its adoption as a manufacturing route of aluminium metal matrix composites. The effects of several parameters of the laser melting process on the mechanical blended composite were thus investigated in this research. This included single track formations of the matrix alloy and the composite alloyed with 5% and 10% respectively for their reaction to laser melting and the fabrication of density blocks to investigate the relative density and porosity over different scan speeds. The results from these experiments were utilised in determining a process window in fabricating near-fully dense parts.

Keywords： selective laser melting     additive manufacturing     mechanical alloying     powder metallurgy     aluminium metal matrix composite    

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Probes and nano-delivery systems targeting NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1: a mini-review

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2,   Pages 123-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2194-7

Abstract: The two-electron cytoplasmic reductase NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 is expressed in many tissues.NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 is well-known for being highly expressed in most cancers.quinone oxidoreductase 1 to diagnose tumours.quinone oxidoreductase 1-activating drug β-lapachone.quinone oxidoreductase 1.

Keywords： NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1     cancer therapy     target     probe     nanosystem    

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Level-direction decomposition analysis with a focus on image watermarking framework Article

F. KAZEMI,M. A. POURMINA,A. H. MAZINAN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 11,   Pages 1199-1217 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500165

Abstract: This research addresses the new level-direction decomposition in the area of image watermarking as the further development of investigations. The main process of realizing a watermarking framework is to generate a watermarked image with a focus on contourlet embedding representation. The approach performance is evaluated through several indices including the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity, whereby a set of attacks are carried out using a module of simulated attacks. The obtained information is analyzed through a set of images, using different color models, to enable the calculation of normal correlation. The module of the inverse of contourlet embedding representation is correspondingly employed to obtain the present watermarked image, as long as a number of original images are applied to a scrambling module, to represent the information in disorder. This allows us to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach by analyzing a complicated system, where a decision making system is designed to find the best level and the corresponding direction regarding contourlet embedding representation. The results are illustrated in appropriate level-direction decomposition. The key contribution lies in using a new integration of a set of subsystems, employed based upon the novel mechanism in contourlet embedding representation, in association with the decision making system. The presented approach is efficient compared with state-of-the-art approaches, under a number of serious attacks. A number of benchmarks are obtained and considered along with the proposed framework outcomes. The results support our ideas.

Keywords： Level-direction decomposition analysis     Watermarking framework     Contourlet embedding representation     Scrambling module     Simulated attacks    

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Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry

Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 11-24 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016092

Abstract: The H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been circulating in poultry in China and becomeof influenza viruses, such as the well-known viruses of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2and the 2013 novel H7N7, H7N9 and H10N8 subtypes, thereby threatening both the poultry industry and

Keywords： avian influenza virus     H9N2     H5N1     novel viruses     public health    

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Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus

Ying Wu, George F. Gao

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 275-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0285-z

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Integrating space and time: a case for phenological context in grazing studies and management

ESTELL, Andres F. CIBILS, Raul H. PEINETTI

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 44-56 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017193

Abstract: Cows foraged an average of 9.7 h daily and spent more time foraging with more concentrated search patterns

Keywords： GPS collars     Jornada Experimental Range     land-surface phenology     livestock movement     LTAR     MODIS NDVI     rangeland    

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Full-band error control and crack-free surface fabrication techniques for ultra-precision fly cutting of large-aperture KDP crystals

F. H. ZHANG, S. F. WANG, C. H. AN, J. WANG, Q. XU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 193-202 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0448-8

Abstract:

Large-aperture potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals are widely used in the laser path of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) systems. The most common method of manufacturing half-meter KDP crystals is ultra-precision fly cutting. When processing KDP crystals by ultra-precision fly cutting, the dynamic characteristics of the fly cutting machine and fluctuations in the fly cutting environment are translated into surface errors at different spatial frequency bands. These machining errors should be suppressed effectively to guarantee that KDP crystals meet the full-band machining accuracy specified in the evaluation index. In this study, the anisotropic machinability of KDP crystals and the causes of typical surface errors in ultra-precision fly cutting of the material are investigated. The structures of the fly cutting machine and existing processing parameters are optimized to improve the machined surface quality. The findings are theoretically and practically important in the development of high-energy laser systems in China.

Keywords： ultra-precision fly cutting     large-aperture KDP crystals     spatial frequency     processing error    

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Synthesis of a cardanol-amine derivative using an ionic liquid catalyst

E. da Silva, Roselayne F. Furtado, Zengshe Liu, H. N. Cheng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 425-431 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1581-3

Abstract: Cardanol is a biobased raw material derived from cashew nut shell liquid. In order to extend its utility, new derivatives and additional applications are useful. In this work cardanol was first epoxidized, and a novel aniline derivative prepared from it under mild reaction conditions with the help of an ionic liquid catalyst. The reaction chemistry was studied by using nuclear magnetic resonance. The resulting aminohydrin adduct showed antioxidant property and should also be a useful synthon for further reactions. As an example, the aminohydrin was shown to undergo a condensation reaction with formaldehyde to form a prepolymer, which could be further reacted to form thermosetting resins.

Keywords： cardanol     epoxidation     aminohydrin     aniline     ionic liquid     aniline-formaldehyde    

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Engineered T Cell Therapies from a Drug Development Viewpoint Review

Fraietta, Carl H. June, Zhongwei Xu, J. Joseph Melenhorst, Simon F. Lacey

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 140-149 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.010

Abstract:

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Recent advances in cellular therapy have demonstrated that this platform has the potential to give patients with certain cancers a second chance at life. Unlike chemical compounds and proteins, cells are living, self-replicating drugs that can be engineered to possess exquisite specificity. For example, T cells can be genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), endowing them with the capacity to recognize and kill tumor cells and form a memory pool that is ready to strike back against persisting malignant cells. Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART19) have demonstrated a remarkable degree of clinical efficacy for certain malignancies. The process of developing CART19 essentially follows the conventional “one gene, one drug, one disease” paradigm derived from Paul Ehrlich’s “magic bullet” concept. With major players within the pharmaceutical industry joining forces to commercialize this new category of “living drugs,” it is useful to use CART19 as an example to examine the similarities and differences in its development, compared with that of a conventional drug. In this way, we can assimilate existing knowledge and identify the most effective approach for advancing similar strategies. This article reviews the use of biomarker-based assays to guide the optimization of CAR constructs, preclinical studies, and the evaluation of clinical efficacy; adverse effects (AEs); and CART19 cellular kinetics. Advanced technologies and computational tools that enable the discovery of optimal targets, novel CAR binding domains, and biomarkers predicting clinical response and AEs are also discussed. We believe that the success of CART19 will lead to the development of other engineered T cell therapies in the same manner that the discovery of arsphenamine initiated the era of synthetic pharmaceuticals.

Keywords： Engineered T cell therapies     Chimeric antigen receptor     Drug development process     Biomarkers     CAR19     CART19    

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Role of the forkhead transcription factor FOXO-FOXM1 axis in cancer and drug resistance

-F. Lam

Frontiers of Medicine 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 376-380 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0228-0

Abstract:

The forkhead transcription factors FOXO and FOXM1 have pivotal roles in tumorigenesis and in mediatingRecent research shows that the forkhead transcription factor FOXM1 is a direct transcriptional targetIntriguingly, FOXM1 and FOXO3a also compete for binding to the same gene targets, which have a role inAn understanding of the role and regulation of the FOXO-FOXM1 axis will impact directly on our knowledge

Keywords： FOXO3a     FOXM1     transcription factor     cancer     drug resistance     tumorigenesis    

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Synthesis and properties of water-soluble 1,9-dialkyl-substituted BF

Dan Wu, Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro, Donal F. O’Shea

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 1,   Pages 97-104 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1828-x

Abstract: Bis-alkylsulfonic acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-substituted BF azadipyrromethenes have been synthesized by an adaptable and versatile route. Only four synthetic stages were required to produce the penultimate fluorophore compounds, containing either two alcohol or two terminal alkyne substituents. The final synthetic step introduced either sulfonic acid or polyethylene glycol groups to impart aqueous solubility. Sulfonic acid groups were introduced by reaction of the bis-alcohol-substituted fluorophore with sulfur trioxide, and a double Cu(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction between the bis-alkyne fluorophore and methoxypolyethylene glycol azide yielded a neutral bis-pegylated derivative. Both fluorophores exhibited excellent near-infrared (NIR) photophysical properties in methanol and aqueous solutions. Live cell microscopy imaging revealed efficient uptake and intracellular labelling of cells for both fluorophores. Their simple synthesis, with potential for last-step structural modifications, makes the present NIR-active azadipyrromethene derivatives potentially useful as NIR fluorescence imaging probes for live cells.

Keywords： NIR-fluorophores     live cell imaging     NIR-AZA    

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Observer-based control for fractional-order singular systems with order Research Article

Bingxin LI, Xiangfei ZHAO, Xuefeng ZHANG, Xin ZHAO

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 12,   Pages 1862-1870 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200294

Abstract: In this paper, for fractional-order with order (0<<1) and is studied.

Keywords： Observer-based control     Singular systems     Fractional order     Input delay     Linear matrix inequality    

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Study on neutron cross-section library generated for MCNP in in-hospital neutron irradiator mark 1 reactor

Wang Lipeng,Jiang Xinbiao,Zhao Zhumin,Zhu Yangni,Chen Lixin,Zhou Yongmao

Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 8,   Pages 42-46

Abstract: temperature-dependent neutron cross-section library for MCNP in in-hospital neutron irradiator mark 1format library produced in this paper was correct and could be used reliably for physics design at IHNI-1

Keywords： NJOY     ENDF/B VII.0     MCNP     ACE format    

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Study on the grouting technology adopted in F1 weathered trough for Xiamen Xiang’an Subsea Tunnel

Guo Xiaohong,Wang Mengshu

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 9,   Pages 38-41

Abstract:

Focusing on F1 weathered trough which has maximum water inflow and great

Keywords： Ximen Xiang’an Subsea Tunnel     grouting reinforcement     stability     numerical simulation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Histone variants: critical determinants in tumour heterogeneity

Tao Wang, Florent Chuffart, Ekaterina Bourova-Flin, Jin Wang, Jianqing Mi, Sophie Rousseaux, Saadi Khochbin

Journal Article

Effect of process parameters on the density and porosity of laser melted AlSi10Mg/SiC metal matrix composite

Omotoyosi H. FAMODIMU, Mark STANFORD, Chike F. ODUOZA, Lijuan ZHANG

Journal Article

Probes and nano-delivery systems targeting NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1: a mini-review

Journal Article

Level-direction decomposition analysis with a focus on image watermarking framework

F. KAZEMI,M. A. POURMINA,A. H. MAZINAN

Journal Article

Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry

Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU

Journal Article

Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus

Ying Wu, George F. Gao

Journal Article

Integrating space and time: a case for phenological context in grazing studies and management

ESTELL, Andres F. CIBILS, Raul H. PEINETTI

Journal Article

Full-band error control and crack-free surface fabrication techniques for ultra-precision fly cutting of large-aperture KDP crystals

F. H. ZHANG, S. F. WANG, C. H. AN, J. WANG, Q. XU

Journal Article

Synthesis of a cardanol-amine derivative using an ionic liquid catalyst

E. da Silva, Roselayne F. Furtado, Zengshe Liu, H. N. Cheng

Journal Article

Engineered T Cell Therapies from a Drug Development Viewpoint

Fraietta, Carl H. June, Zhongwei Xu, J. Joseph Melenhorst, Simon F. Lacey

Journal Article

Role of the forkhead transcription factor FOXO-FOXM1 axis in cancer and drug resistance

-F. Lam

Journal Article

Synthesis and properties of water-soluble 1,9-dialkyl-substituted BF

Dan Wu, Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro, Donal F. O’Shea

Journal Article

Observer-based control for fractional-order singular systems with order

Bingxin LI, Xiangfei ZHAO, Xuefeng ZHANG, Xin ZHAO

Journal Article

Study on neutron cross-section library generated for MCNP in in-hospital neutron irradiator mark 1 reactor

Wang Lipeng,Jiang Xinbiao,Zhao Zhumin,Zhu Yangni,Chen Lixin,Zhou Yongmao

Journal Article

Study on the grouting technology adopted in F1 weathered trough for Xiamen Xiang’an Subsea Tunnel

Guo Xiaohong,Wang Mengshu

Journal Article