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《工程(英文)》 >> 2022年 第8卷 第1期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.025

水利水电工程领域的创新材料

a European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra 21027, Italy
b IFREMER Centre Bretagne, Marine Structures Laboratory, Plouzané 29280, France

收稿日期: 2020-10-28 修回日期: 2021-06-09 录用日期: 2021-06-25 发布日期: 2021-09-15

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摘要

水电行业目前正在经历几项技术发展。新技术和方法的不断涌现,使水力发电更加灵活和可持续。研究人员最近还开发出了新材料以提高水电技术的性能、耐用性和可靠性;然而,缺乏对其进行系统讨论的研究文献。因此,本文介绍了用于水电应用的新型材料,并对它们的性能、优势和局限性进行了讨论。例如,复合材料可以使钢铁设备的重量减轻50%~80%,聚合材料和超疏水材料可以减少4%~20%的压头损失,新型轴承材料可以减少6%的轴承磨损。虽然某些材料的初始成本相对于传统材料的成本尚不具有竞争力,但这些改进提高了材料的效率,延长了材料寿命,减少了浪费和维护需求。本文根据以下类别描述新型材料:涡轮机、大坝和水道、轴承、密封件及海洋水电的新型材料。

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